crack vt. 1.使破裂;敲破,敲碎,砸碎(陶器等);嗑(瓜子等);【化學】裂化(石油等)。 2.把(槍打得、鞭子抽得)噼啪噼啪(等)地響。 3.打開(酒瓶)喝。 4.弄傷,損壞(信用等);弄啞(嗓子);使發(fā)狂。 5.說(笑話)。 6.〔口語〕解決;辨認(暗號);破(案)。 7.〔美俚〕兌開(鈔票)。 8.〔口語〕闖入。 9.撬開(門)。 10.微啟窗戶。 11.刻苦攻讀。 12.【計算機】非法侵入(他人電腦系統(tǒng))。 vi. 1.破裂;斷掉;(地面等)坼裂;皸裂;縮裂;〔美國〕破曉 (=day cracks)。 2.發(fā)坼裂[爆裂]聲,(手槍、鞭子等)噼啪噼啪地響。 3.(嗓子)發(fā)啞;(發(fā)育期)變嗓子。 4.損壞;(精神)受打擊。 5.〔Scot., 北英〕談,談話;〔俚語〕說笑話;譏諷。 6.【計算機】非法侵入他人電腦系統(tǒng)。 This is a hard nut to crack。 這是一個難解決的問題。 crack sunflower seeds 嗑瓜子。 crack a book 〔美俚〕讀書,用功。 crack a bottle with 和…開瓶酒喝。 crack a crib 〔口語〕溜門撬鎖(偷竊)。 crack a mark [record] 【美軍】打破紀錄,創(chuàng)新紀錄。 crack a prospect 〔美俚〕推銷成功。 crack a smile 〔俚語〕微笑。 crack back 〔美俚〕回嘴。 crack down 〔美俚〕敏捷地做;拼命做。 crack down on 〔美俚〕對…采取嚴厲措施,對…進行制裁。 crack on 滿帆前進;〔俚語〕開足馬力前進,飛快前進;繼續(xù)前進。 crack out laughing 發(fā)笑。 crack the lingo 〔美俚〕講本行行話。 crack the party 〔美俚〕不請自來赴會。 crack up 1. 夸獎;吹捧某人(crack oneself up 自夸,自大)。 2. (人、身體等)疲憊不堪,有氣無力;〔美俚〕(飛機)墜毀,撞毀;引起(哄堂)大笑;忍不住大笑;笑痛肚子。 crack wise 〔美國〕講俏皮話,打哈哈。 get cracking 〔俚語〕開動,動工;動手,開始做。 n. 1.裂縫,裂紋,皸裂,龜裂;【化學】裂化。 2.破裂聲,爆裂聲,(手槍、鞭子等的)噼啪聲;打擊聲,打擊。 3.疵瑕,缺點;精神錯亂。 4.(發(fā)育期)換嗓,變聲。 5.〔口語〕第一流人物;名馬;(競技的)名手;優(yōu)良的船。 6.〔古、俚〕自大,自夸;〔Scot., 北英〕閑談;〔pl.〕奇聞。 7.〔美俚〕警句,俏皮話,挖苦話。 8.〔口語〕一會兒,片刻。 9.〔俚語〕溜門撬鎖。 Open the window a crack. 把窗子開一條縫。 the crack of a whip 鞭聲。 the crack of thunder 雷鳴。 a crack on the head 頭上的一擊。 There is a crack in your head. 你有點瘋啦。 (at) crack of day 〔英方,美〕(在)黎明,天亮時。 crack of doom 世界末日的霹靂信號(till the crack of doom 到世界毀滅時,到最后)。 in a crack 即刻,立刻。 adj. 〔口語〕最好的,第一流的;出名的,當當?shù)摹?a crack hand 妙手,能手。 a crack performer 名演員。 a crack player (競賽等的)能手。 a crack regiment 精銳團。 crack troops 精銳部隊。 a crack team 名隊。 adv. 噼啪地,啪的一聲,尖銳地。 The pistol went off crack. 手槍啪的一聲打了出去。
matrix n. (pl. matrices 或matrixes) 1.【解剖學】子宮;母體;發(fā)源地,策源地,搖籃;【生物學】襯質(zhì)細胞;間質(zhì);基質(zhì);母質(zhì)。 2. 【礦物】母巖;脈石;【冶金】基體;【地質(zhì)學;地理學】脈石;填質(zhì);雜礦石。 3. 【印刷】字模;型版,紙型;鑄型,陰模。 4.【陣】(矩)陣,方陣;母式;【物理學】間架;【無線電】矩陣變換電路。 5.【染】原色〔紅黃藍白黑五種〕。 the matrix of a nail 【解剖學】指甲床。
Mechanical analysis of reinforced bar being vertical to matrix crack 基體裂紋的垂直強化筋力學分析
2 . the mechanical properties and fracture mode of 3d c / sic depend on the matrix cracks " propagation in interphase (2)3dcsic復合材料的力學性能和斷裂模式與基體裂紋在界面相區(qū)的擴展方式密切相關(guān)。
4 . the matrix cracks " deflection can occur along the m / i interface, within the interphase and along the i / f interface, which can be predicted by modeling the matrix cracks " defection (4)基體裂紋會在界面相區(qū)內(nèi)的mi界面、界面相內(nèi)部和if界面等多個位置發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn)。
4 . the matrix cracks " deflection can occur along the m / i interface, within the interphase and along the i / f interface, which can be predicted by modeling the matrix cracks " defection (4)基體裂紋會在界面相區(qū)內(nèi)的mi界面、界面相內(nèi)部和if界面等多個位置發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn)。
Then it was necessary to study the matrix crack and delamination damages in detail, which occurred with the maximum probability and played the most important role on fwc failure . two models about damage analysis were established b y using energy method and shear lag method . the mechanism of damage and the effect to structure performance caused by damage are studied further 在此基礎(chǔ)上,深入地研究了殼體損傷發(fā)生概率最大、而危害又相當明顯的典型損傷類型??基體開裂和分層損傷,分別采用能量法和剪切滯后方法建立基體開裂和分層損傷的模型,對損傷的機理和損傷對殼體性能的影響進行了深入的研究。
Against the background of the microstructural evolution of three dimensional braiding c / sic composites, used such analytical methods as lm, sem and tem, it is studied that the matrix cracks propagate in the composites with different interphase thickness under three-point-bend testing, as well as under the creep testing . the main conclusions are as follows : 1 本文以三維編織csic復合材料微結(jié)構(gòu)演化為背景,采用光學顯微鏡(lm)、掃描電鏡(sem)和透射電鏡(tem)等分析手段,研究了不同界面相厚度的復合材料在三點彎曲測試中基體裂紋的擴展規(guī)律,以及基體裂紋擴展對蠕變過程的影響。
It was found that the cracks can penetrate the interphase and the fiber rapidly when the interphase is thin, which causes the low flexural strength and fracture toughness, as well as the composites " brittle fracture . while the interphase is thick, multiple toughening mechanisms such as the crack deflection and matrix cracking can be activated, which cause the composites " flexural strength and fracture toughness is high and the composites " non-brittle fracture 當界面相較薄時,基體裂紋能夠迅速穿過界面相和纖維,復合材料具有較低的彎曲強度和斷裂韌性,表現(xiàn)為脆性斷裂模式;當界面相較厚時,復合材料能產(chǎn)生裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn)、基體開裂等多種增韌方式,具有較高的彎曲強度和斷裂韌性,呈韌性斷裂模式。
3 . the two stages of primary creep and steady-state creep of 3d c / sic correspond to the gradual saturation of matrix crack and the opening of these cracks respectively . the transverse crack is the main contributor to the macroscopic creep strain of 3d c / sic, and its opening is controlled by the creep temperature (3)3dcsic復合材料的減速蠕變階段和穩(wěn)態(tài)蠕變階段分別對應著基體裂紋趨于飽和和逐漸張開這兩個過程;橫向基體裂紋是3dcsic復合材料宏觀蠕變應變的主要貢獻者,溫度是影響橫向裂紋張開速度的一個重要因素。
There are three main kinds of matrix cracks within the as-received composites : cracks induced by mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients, cracks between bundles and cracks induced by matrix's delamination . they locate within the bundles, between the bundles and on the surface of the bundles respectively 主要結(jié)果如下:(1)研究表明,在原始3dcsic復合材料內(nèi)部主要存在三種裂紋:熱失配裂紋,纖維束間裂紋和基體分層裂紋,它們分別存在于纖維束內(nèi)部,纖維束之間和纖維束表層。
By way of comparing the results obtained from netting theory, compound theory, nonlinear fem and experimental test, the conclusion could be drawn that matrix crack damage surely existed in the cylinder part of structure . when the structure was subject to internal pressure up to 6.8mpa, which was the maximum loading of hydrostatic test, the deformation of the global structure and stress and strain distributed in any parts of structure were obtained 通過對網(wǎng)格理論、復合理論和非線性有限元方法計算結(jié)果與試驗值之間的相互比較,可以看出:非線性有限元計算結(jié)果介于網(wǎng)格理論和復合理論之間,且有限元計算結(jié)果與復合理論結(jié)果更加接近,表明在水檢壓力下殼體筒段確實存在著基體開裂等損傷。